China’s Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and General Administration of Customs on April 4, 2025, issued Announcement 18, which imposes export controls on specific medium and heavy rare earth materials. Effectively immediately, exporters are required to obtain licenses for the following controlled items, as well as their oxides, alloys, compounds and mixtures: Samarium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Lutetium Scandium Yttrium